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Clin Colon Rectal Surg 2022; 35(06): 421-427
DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1758047
Review Article

Diagnosis and Monitoring of Ulcerative Colitis

Megan E. Murphy
1   Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center at NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York
,
Sumona Bhattacharya
1   Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center at NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York
,
Jordan E. Axelrad
1   Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center at NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York
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Abstract

Ulcerative colitis is one of the two main subtypes of inflammatory bowel disease, along with Crohn's disease. Understanding the clinical and endoscopic features of ulcerative colitis is critical in achieving a timely diagnosis. An initial evaluation includes assessing clinical symptoms, inflammatory markers, endoscopic findings, and determination of the presence or absence of extraintestinal manifestations. Initial disease management should consider disease severity at the time of diagnosis as well as prognostication, or the determination of risk factors present with a high likelihood of severe disease in the future. Once appropriate therapy has been initiated, ongoing monitoring is crucial, which may include repeated clinical assessments over time, measuring noninvasive markers of inflammation, and endoscopic and histologic reevaluation. An important aspect of disease monitoring in ulcerative colitis is dysplasia surveillance; there are many patient-specific risk factors which influence surveillance strategies. Utilizing appropriate surveillance techniques is necessary for early detection of dysplasia and colorectal neoplasia.

Keywords

ulcerative colitis - Crohn's disease - disease activity - endoscopy - histology


Publication History

Article published online:
28 October 2022

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